To successfully hire a workforce, you must understand Saudi Arabia’s labor laws. To help you in this process, we discuss several prominent labor lawsÂ
1. Employment Contracts
The most common types of employment contracts in Saudi Arabia are indefinite and fixed-term contracts. Short-term projects are secured with seasonal or part-time employment contracts. All contracts must be authenticated electronically on the Qiwa platform to be considered legally binding. Non-resident workers must receive a written agreement.Â
All employment contracts in the country must be in Arabic. An EOR can help you with translations and incorporating mandatory clauses governing the employment relationship. Details typically included in employment contracts include the employee’s personal details, salary, working hours, and annual leave.Â
2. Working Hours and Overtime
The standard working hours are eight hours per day or 48 hours per week. During Ramadan, Muslim employees work for six hours per day or 36 hours a week. Between June 15th and September 15th, employees must not work in direct sunlight due to the high risk of heat exhaustion.Â
Employees who work overtime must be paid 1.5 times their standard wage. Overtime working hours cannot exceed 11 hours per day or 18 hours per week. Employees must receive a break for every five hours of consecutive work.Â
3. Minimum Wage
Effective January 2025, workers in the private sector are entitled to a monthly minimum wage of SAR 4000, which is equivalent to $1066.53.Â
4. Employee Benefits
Statutory employee benefits in Saudi Arabia consist of health insurance, sick leave, social security contributions, and paid annual leave. Employees also receive an end-of-year gratuity, which is paid upon the termination of an employment contract. Women are entitled to 12 weeks of fully paid maternity leave, with six weeks of leave taken after childbirth. Fathers receive three days of paid paternity leave taken after the birth of their child.Â
Supplementary or non-mandatory benefits can be used to appeal to skilled employees. In Saudi Arabia, non-statutory or fringe benefits range from housing allowances and private medical care to additional paid annual leave.Â
5. Payroll Tax or Social Contributions
Personal income tax is not imposed on Saudi residents or non-Saudi citizens. They do, however, pay social insurance contributions. The General Organization for Social Insurance (GOSI) is responsible for overseeing social insurance, or social security. The contributions to GOSI differ between Saudi nationals and foreign employees. The contributions for residents consist of an employee’s standard salary plus their housing allowance. Employers contribute 9.75%, with 9% toward pension and 0.75% for unemployment insurance.Â
Expatriate employees do not contribute to social security; however, employers contribute 2% of a foreign employee’s salary and their housing allowance.Â
6. Termination and Severance Pay
Employment contracts can be terminated by mutual agreement. In the case of fixed-term contracts, the agreement ends once the contract expires. Indefinite contracts require written notice. If the employer terminates the contract, the notice period is 60 days for monthly workers. Should the employee terminate the contract, the notice period is 30 days.Â
Severance pay in Saudi Arabia is called End of Service Benefits (EOSB). When the contract is terminated, employees are entitled to EOSB, which is calculated as half a month’s salary for the first five years of service and a full month’s salary for every year thereafter.Â
7. Foreign Workers
To effectively hire foreign workers in Saudi Arabia, employers must follow strict administrative and legal procedures. Employers must have a registered Saudi Arabian entity and comply with the Saudization (Nitaqat) program. To receive permission for hiring foreign workers, employers must obtain a block visa quota from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD).Â
Upon quota approval, the employer and employee must sign a valid employment contract. Only once the Ministry of Foreign Affairs issues a visa authorization number can employees apply for a work visa.