Finland’s labor framework aims to protect workers as its first priority. It’s a framework that details exacting procedures, which is why business owners often run into trouble without expert support.
In this Nordic country, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment is responsible for drafting labor legislation and enforcement. Likewise, the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health also plays a role in enforcement, particularly when it comes to workplace inspections.
With that in mind, this is where your EOR offers immense value because it’s up to them not only to manage but also to guide you on staying compliant with current labor laws. Here’s a breakdown of the core aspects of Finnish employment law you’ll have to consider when doing business.
1. Employment Contracts
Written employment contracts are required for Finnish workers. Under the Employment Contracts Act, all permanent hires must receive written confirmation of their role, duties, working-time arrangement, pay, and other fundamentals within seven days of starting.
Technically, oral contracts are permissible for non-permanent work, but they’re practically unheard of. In any case, written contracts ensure you’re protected in the event of any future legal disputes.
Any language can be freely chosen as long as the employee understands it. In practice, Finnish is the main language of choice, with English also widely used. Some bilingual regions in the west also use Swedish.
2. Working Hours and Overtime
The Working Time Act was last updated in 2020 to standardize the 40-hour work week while offering more flexibility for employers. Like most of the Western world, the default working week is 40 hours split over five eight-hour days.
Averaging is permitted throughout Finland over a maximum of 52 weeks, but the overall average for the year must be respected. All hours over the standard working week are classified as overtime.
Under Finnish law, overtime cannot be forced but must be formally consented to by the employee. The first two daily overtime hours are typically paid at 150% of an employee’s standard rate, rising to 200% for subsequent hours. It’s also common practice for any work on Sundays or holidays to be paid at the 200% rate.
3. Paid Leave and Public Holidays
Finland’s Annual Holidays Act governs how paid leave is accrued. Employees earn 2.5 days per month in holiday time during their first year of employment and two days per month thereafter. All employees are entitled to at least 24 days of paid holiday each year.
Note that many sectors also have collective bargaining agreements in place for employers to pay holiday bonuses, known as Iomaraha. All agreements differ, but the standard is 50% of the overall holiday pay is paid as a bonus. Note that holiday pay must be paid in full before the holiday actually begins.
Regarding public holidays, they must be designated as off days for employees. However, if a public holiday falls on a weekend, they aren’t automatically moved to a weekday.
4. Parental Leave
Finland’s parental leave model was updated in August 2022 to make it fairer for both parents. Parents receive 320 days of parental allowance per child, divided equally between mother and father. Additionally, 63 days are fully transferable. If there’s a single parent involved, they receive the full 320 days.
On top of that, there’s a 40-day pregnancy allowance for the mother, which is used before parental allowance kicks in. It’s also worth noting that under The Nordic Co-Operation, parental allowances must be respected even if one parent resides in one of the other Nordic countries.
5. Termination and Notice Periods
Termination is a complex issue in Finland because you need a firm economic/production-related or individual reason to terminate an employee. Statutory notice periods vary from 14 days to 6 months, depending on tenure of service.
Here are the current statutory notice periods:
- Less Than One Year: 14 days
- One–Four Years: One month
- Four–Eight Years: Two months
- Eight–12 Years: Four months
- Over 12 years: Six months
Employees must also provide notice periods if they choose to resign. If they’ve been employed for less than five years, they must provide 14 days of notice, rising to one month for more extended tenures.
Under the Co-operation Act, companies with more than 20 employees also have consultation obligations when restructuring and reorganizing.
6. Employer Social Contributions
Employers are advised to budget 19-22% of an employee’s gross salary to cover all necessary social contributions. Here’s a breakdown of how this works:
- TyEl (Pension Insurance): 25.28% invoiced to the employer minus the employee’s age-based share. In practice, this reduces to a contribution in the mid-teens.
- Unemployment Insurance: The Employment Fund, tiered by total payroll, creates the annual average. In 2025, this is 0.61% of wages.
- Health Insurance: 1.87% in 2025
- Accident Insurance: Risk-based and set by the insurer.
- Group Life Insurance: Set by insurers and collective agreements.
There’s less standardization compared to other countries simply due to the fact that rates on many forms of coverage vary by sector. Furthermore, the required contributions are regularly reviewed to reflect market realities. The figures above should be viewed as ballpark estimates.